Hair-waving device



Aug. 17 1926. l

E. O. FREDERICS HAIRwAvING DEVICE Filed Dec. s,

.-l TTORNEY Patented Aug. 17, 1926.

UNITED STATES i PATENT OFFICE.

ERNEST 0. FREDERICS, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR T E. FREDERICS, INC., OIEr NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION -OIF NEW YORK.

HAIR-WAVING DEVICE.

Application led December 8, 1922. Serial N'o. 605,576.

This invention relates to a new and improved appliance for waving hair whereby a wave or curl, known commercially as a permanent wave may be imparted to hair upon the human head. In the art of permanent hair waving it is the practice to divide the hair upon the head into a plurality ofstrands, the size of the strands depending largely upon the tightness of --the wave it is desired to produce, and the thickness or iineness of the hair. When the hair has4 been so divided into strands, each strand is wound tightly upon a curler, the latter usually consisting of a thin metallic rod to which the strand when4 wound is tied at either end. When the strands have been so wound several methods have hitherto been employed whereby they are subjected to a hair treating substance under the influence of heat and moisture. v

One of the ways commonly practiced has been to impregnate a strip of absorbent material with a fluid having a tendency to soften the hair under the iniluence'of heat or with a pasty mass of which borax has been the principal constituent part. The hair so wound has been then .covered with a paste board tube, the lower end of which is tied tightly around the strand of hair next to the scalp. Another method, however, which has been practiced to some eX- tent, has been to apply to the hair upon the curler a paste board tube having a lining of absorbent material such as paper,

' the. inner wall of said tube and said paper lining forming a pocket in which borax powder is confined. This tube after being immersed in water is positioned upon the hair vupon the curler and the paste board tube tied tightly upon the strand of hair adjacent the roots.

Still another method now commonly employed has been the use of devices such as are disclosed in my Patents Nos. 1,313,232 of August 12, 1919 and 1,425,956 of August 15, 1922.

The devices of both of these patents, however, contemplate the use of the above mentioned paste board tube although they could be employed without the use of such tube, but not in such a facile manner as the device or appliance which forms the subject matter of my present invention.

The use of paste board tubes is objectionable for several reasons. Among such objections are the relative non-heat conducv tivity of the paste board of which the tube is made; the difficulty of tying the lower end of the tube with sufficient tightness to prevent the escape of steam and hot water through that end of the tube and lthereby burning or scalding the scalp of the subject; the difficulty of ascertaining when the hair has been subjected to a sufficient amount of heat; and the diiculty of re` moving the tube and hair treating substance from the hair on the curler after treatment. Moreover, paste board is more or le`ss iniiamable and there is danger of it catching fire, whereby the hair of the subject may become burned-or scorched.

The above, together with other objections are eliminated by the appliance I am about to describe, the prime object of the invention being to provide a hair waving appliance which is simple in construction, elfivcient inoperation and in which the use of paste board tubes may be avoided.

Another object of the invention is to provide a device which is proof against the escape ofrsteam through its sidewalls, can be fastened about the strand of hair near the scalp in such a way that steam and hot water cannot escape therethrough and which is formed of such materials' as will not take Iiire should it become subjected to excessive eat.

Other objects and aims of the invention, more or less specific than those referred to above, will be in part obvious and in part pointed out in the course of the following description of the elements, combinations, arrangements of parts and applications of principles, constituting the invention; and the scope of protection contemplated will be indicated in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawing wherein I have illustrated a preferred/form of embodiment of 'my invention Figure 1 is an elevational view showing my improved device partially rolled up according to the manner in w ich it is` positioned about a strand of hair wound around a curler.

Figure 2 is an elevational view of my device.

Figure 3 is a vertical sectional View taken on line 3-3 of Figure 2.

Figure 4 is an elevational view of a slightly modified form of my invention; and

Figure 5 is a vertical sectional View taken on line 5 5 of Figure 4.

Referring now to theI drawing wherein similar reference characters refer to similar parts throughout the several views thereof, the reference numeral 1 indicates a strip of material preferably of textile material, such as finely woven cloth that has been treated in accordance with any suitable process to render the same fire proof, that is to say, the. material is impregnated with a substance which will prevent it from catching fire when subjected to any degree of heat to which it will be subjected by the electric heaters of the character used in permanent waving. This cloth mayalso be given a water-proofing treatment if desired, although in the embodiment of my invention shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3, such waterproofing treatment is not necessarily employed.

2 indicates a pad, the outer layer 3 of which is formed, preferably of a transparent gelatinous material, the front face 4 of which is provided with a plurality of minute aper t ures 5. The Water-proofing material 3 forms a casing, the end portions 6 and the rear wall 7 being imperforate.

Provided inside the casing 3 is a second envelope or casing 8 which is preferably formed of loosely meshed textile material, suchl for instance, as" the 'cloth commonly used in the making of bandages. For this textile material, if desired, may be substituted thin absorbent paper. Moreover, if desired, the rear wall 7 of this casing may be omitted and simply a backing of textile material or paper provided adjacent the inner front wall of the casing l3. Located Within the casin 7 is a cake of hair treating material 9, preferably composed of boraX powder or a material of which boraX powder is the rincipal constituent. The material 9 is pre era'bly formed in cake form by being first made into a paste, the paste spread upon the material constituting the casingwall 7 and the two casings then wrapped about the pasty mass which, when it dries out, forms the cake.

It is desirable that the hair treating substance 9 be distributed evenly inside the casing 8 and so held that it will not shift about within the casing. The pad 2 so formed is then fastened to the rectangular or square strip of textile material substantially as shown in Figure 2, paste orA glue being emp-loyed to secure the parts together. It will be noted that one edge 10 of thepad lies adjacent an edge 11 of the strip 1 and that portions 12 and 13 of the Strip extend outwardly at either end of the pad.

In the embodiment of my invention shown in Figures 4 and 5, the outer casing or envelope 14 of the pad is preferably formed of'a relatively coarse-meshed material such for instance, as cheese cloth, bandage material or cloth of a like nature, within which a casing 15 of porous material may be pro'- vided. lVithin the inner casing 15 is provided a layer of borax or similar powder 16 which may take the form of a thin cake or which may be loose powder.

The reference numeral 17 denotes a strip of textile llmaterial preferably treated to make the same fire proof as above described, to which strip is secured a strip of textile material 18 preferably formed of cloth impregnated with a water-proofing substance, the two strips lying face to face as clearly shown in Figure 5. If desired the strips 17 and 18 may be fastened together by means of an adhesive. VVater-proof paper may be substituted for the textile material 18 if desired and secured to the strip 17.

The pad 14 and the two strips are then sewed together by means of the lines of stitches 19 and 20, although the line of stitching may be omitted if desired. It will be seen that inasmuch as the pad 14 and the two strips' 17 and 18 are fastened together by the lines of stitches, the adhesive material above described for fastening together may be omitted.

Having thus described the construction of my improved hair waving appliance, the manner of using the same may now be understood.

In using-the device it is rolled about the strands of hair and the curler, the rolling operation beginning at the edges 10 and 11 so that the pad will completely cover the wound hair. The rolling operation is then continued until the remainder of the strip to which the pad is attached completely covers the pad itself whereby the pad is surrounded by a tubular casing of fire proof material.

The side or face 4 of the casing is of course, positioned adjacent the wound hair so that when an electric heater is positioned upon the roll containing the pad, the application of heat will cause the steam to pass through the apertures 5 on to the hair there by subjecting 1t to a steaming operation; the boraX powder performing its usual operation as a carrier of moisture from which the steam is generated.

In the device shown in Figures 4 and 5 it will be understood that the front face of the pad is applied to the hair on the curler when the device is rolled thereupon.

By reference to Figure 1 it will be noted that the end 12 projecting beyond the end of the pad being formed of clot'h it may be tightly tied about the strand of-hair adjacent the scalp or fastened by other known means about the hair with a sufficient degree of tightness to prevent the escape of steam and hot Water from the closed end.

In the device of Figures 1 to 3 inclusive,

the pad itself save its front face, is formed of water-proof material, the fire proof textile material being adapted to form a casing entirely about the pad when the same is in operatlve position.

lVith a device shown in Figures 4 and 5,

the pad 'proper is formed of absorbent material; the water-proof lining 18 preventing the escape of steam through the lateral walls of the tubular structures.. An electric heater is positioned upon the rolled up pad and its tubular covering, it being unnecessary to use the commonly employed-paste board tube, inasmuch as the lire proof casing affords complete protection of the encased hair.

It will accordingly be seen that I have provided a device well adapted among others, to obtain all of the ends and objects sought in an extremely facile manner.

The device may be packed and shipped in a flat condition.

By moistening of the device before use, the cake or powdered material is reduced to the form of paste so that it may be readily wrapped or rolled about the hair.

As many changes could be made in this construction without departing from the scope of the following claims, it is intended that all matter contained in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawing shall be interpreted as illustrative only and not in a limiting sense.

Having thus describedmy invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is: v

l. A hair-treating device to be employed in the form of a tube extending about a lock of hair, including, in combination, a porous, fiexible casing containing a hairtreating material, a backing strip secured to one side -of said casing,` and a flexible strip of heat-resistant material secured to the aforesaid strip and providing a backing therefor.

2. A device of the class described, comprising a flat envelope containing a hair treating substance, said envelope being flexlble so that it can be wrapped about a tress of hair wound around a curler, a strip between the walls of which is positioned a quantity of hair treating substance, and said casing having one or more of its inner walls lined with a porous material, said casing being flexible so that it may be wrapped around a tress of hair upon a curler, and a strip of impervious material overlying the' rear walls of said casing and adapted to be wrapped around the latter when it is in operative osition so as to form a cylindrical covering t erefor.

4. A device of the class described, comprising a flat envelope formed of flexible material, containing a hair treating substance and a strip of impervious lire-proof material secured thereto.

5. A device of the class described, comprising a ilat envelope formed of flexible material, one face of which is rovided with a` plurality of interstices, and llaving a strip of impervious fire-proof material secured thereto, and adapted to be wrapped around the latter to form a cylindrical covering when said envelope is wrapped about a tress of hair upon a curler.

6. A device of the class described, comprising an envelope adapted to contain a hair treating substance, and a strip of impervious fire-proof material associated with said envelope, adapted to form a casing therefor when the latter is wrapped about a tress of hair upon a curler.

In testimony whereof, I aiix my signature.

ERNEST O. EREDERICS. 

